Review Ch13

1.  Why are viruses considered nonliving?

2.  How are viruses named?

3.   Be able to label a diagram of a virus (inner core, capsid, envelope)

4.  What nucleic acids make up the genetic material of a virus.

5.  Explain how "lock and key" describes species/tissue specificity of viruses.

6.  What does a virus do once it gains entrance into a host cell?

7.  Distinguish between lytic and lysogenic life cycles.

8.  What is a provirus?  Why do viruses do this?

9.  HIV: what does it stand for?  what kind of virus is it?  what is its genetic material?  what cells does it infect?

10.  How do viruses cause cancer?

11.  Why do emerging viruses usually cause such severe diseases?

12.  What are the two kingdoms of bacteria?

13.  Be able to label a diagram of a bacterium, either Gram positive or negative

14.  Know the basics of bacteria: shape, binary fission, methods of genetic variation, environments, adaptations, importance.

15.  Be able to describe a plasmid, what its function is, what genes specifically do they carry.

16.  Define genetic engineering, recombinant DNA, transgenic organisms

17. How do you make a transgenic organism?

18.  What is a restriction enzyme, how does it work, what's a palindrome?

19.  Define vector and the different types.

20.  Describe how DNA is sequenced.

21.  How does PCR work?

22.  What are the applications of recombinant bacteria

23.  Describe the human genome project.

24.  What is a linkage map?